Nzwisisa mutsauko uripo pakati peakasiyana mamakisi eSSD Chips eNAND Flash SLC, MLC, TLC, QLC

Zita rakazara reNAND Flash iFlash Memory, inova yechinhu chisiri-chinotenderera chendangariro mudziyo (Isina-volatile Memory Device).Iyo yakavakirwa pane inoyangarara gedhi transistor dhizaini, uye macheji anosungirirwa nepagedhi rinoyangarara.Sezvo gedhi rinoyangarara rakaparadzaniswa nemagetsi, saka maElectron anosvika pagedhi anobatwa kunyangwe mushure mekubviswa kwemagetsi.Ichi ndicho chikonzero cheflash isina-volatility.Dhata inochengetwa mumidziyo yakadaro uye haizorasikirwe kunyange kana simba rakadzimwa.
Zvinoenderana neakasiyana nanotechnology, NAND Flash yakasangana neshanduko kubva kuSLC kuenda kuMLC, uyezve kuTLC, uye iri kuenda kuQLC.NAND Flash inoshandiswa zvakanyanya muEMMC/eMCP, U disk, SSD, mota, Internet yeZvinhu nemamwe minda nekuda kwehukuru hwayo uye nekukurumidza kunyora nekukurumidza.

SLC (Zita reChirungu rakazara (Single-Level Cell - SLC) inzvimbo imwe chete yekuchengetedza
Hunhu hweSLC tekinoroji ndeyekuti iyo oxide firimu pakati pegedhi rinoyangarara uye sosi itete.Paunenge uchinyora dhata, iyo yakachengetwa mubhadharo inogona kubviswa nekuisa voltage kune yekuchaji yegedhi rinoyangarara uye wobva wapfuura nepakwakabva., kureva, magetsi maviri chete ekuchinja kwe0 uye 1 anogona kuchengeta 1 ruzivo unit, kureva, 1 bit / sero, iyo inoratidzirwa nekukurumidza kukurumidza, hupenyu hurefu uye kushanda kwakasimba.Izvo zvakashata ndezvekuti huwandu hwakaderera uye mutengo wakakwira.

MLC (zita reChirungu rakazara Multi-Level Cell - MLC) inzvimbo yakawanda yekuchengetedza
Intel (Intel) yakatanga kubudirira kugadzira MLC munaGunyana 1997. Basa rayo nderekuchengeta zvikamu zviviri zveruzivo muGedhi Rinoyangarara (chikamu chinochengeterwa chaji musero rekurangarira flash), uyezve kushandisa kuchaja kwezvinogona kuita zvakasiyana (Level. ), Kuverenga uye kunyora chaiko kuburikidza nemagetsi ekudzora akachengetwa mundangariro.
Kureva, 2bit/sero, sero rega rega rinochengeta 2bit ruzivo, inoda zvakanyanya kuomarara voltage control, pane ina shanduko dze 00, 01, 10, 11, kumhanya kunowanzo kuve pakati, hupenyu huri pakati nepakati, mutengo uri pakati nepakati. 3000-10000 nguva dzekudzima nekunyora hupenyu.MLC inoshanda nekushandisa nhamba yakakura yegiredhi remagetsi, sero rega rega rinochengeta mabits e data, uye density yedata yakakura, uye inogona kuchengeta anopfuura mana mana panguva.Naizvozvo, iyo MLC yekuvaka inogona kuve nani yekuchengetedza density.

TLC (Zita reChirungu rakazara reTrinary-Level Cell) inzvimbo yekuchengetera-matatu
TLC ndeye 3bit pasero.Imwe neimwe cell unit inochengeta 3bit ruzivo, iyo inogona kuchengeta 1/2 yakawanda data kupfuura MLC.Kune marudzi masere ekuchinja kwemagetsi kubva pa000 kusvika pa001, kureva, 3bit/sero.Kune zvakare vanogadzira Flash vanonzi 8LC.Iyo inodiwa yekuwana nguva yakareba, saka kumhanya kwekutamisa kunononoka.
Chakanakira TLC ndechekuti mutengo wakachipa, mutengo wekugadzira pa megabyte ndiwo wakadzikira, uye mutengo wakachipa, asi hupenyu hupfupi, chete nezve 1000-3000 kudzima nekunyorazve hupenyu, asi iyo yakaedzwa zvakanyanya TLC zvimedu SSD inogona. kushandiswa zvakajairika kwemakore anopfuura 5.

QLC (Chirungu zita rakazara Quadruple-Level Cell) mana-layer yekuchengetedza unit
QLC inogona zvakare kunzi 4bit MLC, mana-layer yekuchengetedza unit, kureva, 4bits/sero.Kune gumi nematanhatu shanduko mumagetsi, asi huwandu hunogona kuwedzerwa ne33%, ndiko kuti, kuita kwekunyora uye kudzima hupenyu huchadzikiswa zvakanyanya kana zvichienzaniswa neTLC.Mune chaiyo yekuita bvunzo, Magnesium yakaita zviedzo.Panyaya yekumhanya kwekuverenga, ese ari maviri eSATA interfaces anogona kusvika 540MB/S.QLC inoita zvakanyanya mukumhanya kwekunyora, nekuti nguva yayo yeP/E yekuronga yakareba kupfuura MLC neTLC, kukurumidza kunonoka, uye inoenderera inonyora kumhanya iKubva ku520MB/s kusvika 360MB/s, iyo yakasarudzika yadonha kubva ku9500 IOPS kuenda ku5000. IOPS, kurasikirwa kweinenge hafu.

PS: Iyo yakawanda data yakachengetwa mune yega yega Cell unit, iyo yakakwirira huwandu hwenzvimbo yeyuniti, asi panguva imwe chete, inotungamira mukuwedzera kweakasiyana matunhu emagetsi, izvo zvakanyanya kuoma kudzora, saka kugadzikana kweNAND Flash chip. inowedzera kuipa, uye hupenyu hwebasa hunova hupfupi, imwe neimwe ine zvayakanakira nezvayakaipira.

(NAND Flash kuverenga nekunyora hupenyu ndeyekutarisa chete)
Hazvina kuoma kuona kuti kuita kwemhando ina dzeNAND flash memory kwakasiyana.Mutengo payuniti ye SLC yakakwirira kupfuura yemamwe marudzi eNAND flash memory particles, asi nguva yayo yekuchengeta data yakarebesa uye kumhanya kwekuverenga kunokurumidza;QLC ine hukuru hukuru uye mutengo wakaderera, asi nekuda kwekuderera kwayo kuvimbika uye hupenyu hurefu Kukanganisa uye zvimwe zvinokanganisa zvichiri kuda kuvandudzwa.

Kubva pamaonero emutengo wekugadzira, kuverenga nekunyora kumhanya uye hupenyu hwesevhisi, chiyero chemapoka mana ndeichi:
SLC> MLC> TLC> QLC;
Iwo aripo makuru mhinduro ndeye MLC uye TLC.SLC inonyanya kunangana nemauto uye bhizinesi kunyorera, nekunyora-kumhanya-mhanya, yakaderera kukanganisa mwero, uye kusimba kwenguva refu.MLC inonyanya kunangana nevatengi-giredhi application, huwandu hwayo hwakakwira kaviri pane SLC, yakaderera-mutengo, inokodzera USB flash drive, nharembozha, digitaalinen kamera uye mamwe memori makadhi, uye zvakare inoshandiswa zvakanyanya muvatengi-giredhi SSD nhasi. .

NAND flash memory inogona kukamurwa kuita mapoka maviri: 2D chimiro uye 3D chimiro zvinoenderana neakasiyana masisitimu zvimiro.Anoyangarara gedhi transistors anonyanya kushandiswa ku2D FLASH, nepo 3D flash inonyanya kushandisa CT transistors uye gedhi rinoyangarara.Is semiconductor, CT insulator, izvo zviviri zvakasiyana muzvisikwa uye musimboti.Musiyano ndewekuti:

2D chimiro NAND Flash
Iyo 2D chimiro chemasero ekurangarira inongorongwa muXY ndege yechip, saka nzira chete yekuwana yakakwira density mune imwechete wafer uchishandisa 2D flash tekinoroji ndeyekumisikidza maitiro node.
Izvo zvakaderera ndezvekuti zvikanganiso muNAND flash zvinowanzoitika kune madiki madiki;uyezve, pane muganhu kune diki nzira node inogona kushandiswa, uye density yekuchengetedza haina kukwirira.

3D chimiro NAND Flash
Kuti uwedzere kuwanda kwekuchengetedza, vagadziri vakagadzira 3D NAND kana V-NAND (vertical NAND) tekinoroji, inorongedza maseru ekurangarira muZ-ndege pane imwechete wafer.

Mu 3D NAND flash, maseru ekurangarira akabatana setambo dzakasimukira kwete tambo dzakachinjika mu2D NAND, uye kuvaka nenzira iyi kunobatsira kuwana yakakwira bhiti density kune imwechete chip nzvimbo.Yekutanga 3D Flash zvigadzirwa zvaive nezvikamu makumi maviri nemana.